It is the simplest form of power line protection. Shunt SPDs are connected in parallel, passing dangerous surges quickly to earth whilst clamping the voltage level to protect downstream equipment. Since Shunt SPDs do not pass the load current, they are very compact. They are installed from phase-to-neutral and neutral-to-earth, sometimes called “all mode protection” and are utilised across many industries. Shunt SPDs utilise metal oxide varistors, spark gaps or silicon diodes, each with advantages and disadvantages, but the design typically depends on the equipment being protected.